Breast oncology procedures, also known as breast cancer operations, form a specialized surgical approach. It focuses on diagnosing, treating, and managing breast cancer. Various surgical methods aim to remove cancerous tissue while preserving breast appearance and optimal function whenever feasible. Breast oncosurgery plays a key role in breast cancer's multidisciplinary management, collaborating with oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, and other healthcare professionals for comprehensive care.
Breast cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers affecting women worldwide. Breast oncology surgery serves as a cornerstone in its management. Surgical interventions prove essential for:
a. Partial Mastectomy (Segmental Mastectomy): Removes tumor, margin, and some breast tissue while keeping more breast than total mastectomy.
b. Total Mastectomy: Removes the whole breast tissue, but not the chest wall muscles.
c. Modified Radical Mastectomy: Removes breast tissue and armpit lymph nodes, sparing chest wall muscles.
d. Skin Sparing Mastectomy: Keeps breast skin for immediate or later breast reconstruction.
e. Nipple Sparing Mastectomy: The nipple and areola area are sometimes kept during breast removal surgery. This is often paired with breast rebuilding right away.
Surgery for breast cancer has these benefits:
Carcinoma of the breast is a malignant tumor that requires a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies for treatment.
Know moreFibroadenoma is a common benign breast tumor that often requires surgical removal if it is large, painful, or growing.
Know morePhyllodes tumor is a rare breast tumor that can be benign or malignant. Surgical removal is the primary treatment, with careful monitoring for recurrence.
Know moreFibrocystic disease of the breast is a benign condition characterized by lumpy, painful breasts. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgical intervention.
Know moreLymphedema is the swelling of the arm or breast due to lymphatic fluid buildup, often following breast cancer treatment. Management includes compression therapy, exercise, and sometimes surgery.
Know moreA breast abscess is a localized collection of pus in the breast tissue, often requiring antibiotics and surgical drainage for treatment.
Know moreMondor's disease is a rare condition characterized by thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the breast. Treatment typically involves pain management and anti-inflammatory medications.
Know moreAccessory breast tissue is additional breast tissue that can develop along the milk line, often requiring surgical removal if symptomatic or cosmetically concerning.
Know moreAngiosarcoma of the breast is a rare and aggressive cancer that arises from the blood vessels of the breast. Treatment typically involves surgery, often followed by radiation or chemotherapy.
Know morePaget's disease of the breast is a rare type of cancer that affects the skin of the nipple and areola. Treatment usually involves surgery, often combined with radiation or chemotherapy.
Know moreBreast skin eczema is a condition that causes inflammation and itching of the skin on the breast. Treatment typically involves topical medications and addressing any underlying causes.
Know moreDuct ectasia is the dilation of milk ducts, which can cause nipple discharge and inflammation. Treatment may include antibiotics or surgical intervention if symptoms persist.
Know moreA duct papilloma is a benign tumor that forms in a milk duct, often causing nipple discharge. Surgical removal is usually recommended to prevent complications and confirm the diagnosis.
Know moreMastalgia refers to breast pain, which can be cyclical or non-cyclical. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgical intervention.
Know moreMastitis is an infection of the breast tissue that results in pain, swelling, and redness. Treatment often includes antibiotics and, in some cases, surgical drainage.
Know moreA galactocele is a milk-filled cyst that typically occurs in breastfeeding women. Treatment involves aspiration to remove the fluid and alleviate symptoms.
Know moreA breast cyst is a fluid-filled sac within the breast, typically benign. Treatment may involve aspiration or monitoring to ensure it does not cause discomfort or complications.
Know moreAdenosis is a benign breast condition characterized by the enlargement of breast lobules. It is generally monitored, but surgical intervention may be required if it causes symptoms or diagnostic confusion.
Know moreRadial scar lesions are benign breast lesions that can mimic cancer on imaging studies. Surgical excision is often recommended to rule out malignancy and ensure accurate diagnosis.
Know moreGynecomastia is the enlargement of male breast tissue, often requiring surgical intervention to remove the excess tissue and restore a masculine chest contour.
Know moreBreast ptosis, or sagging breasts, can occur due to aging, weight loss, or other factors. Surgical procedures, such as mastopexy, are used to lift and reshape the breasts.
Know moreA modified radical mastectomy involves removing the entire breast along with the axillary lymph nodes. This procedure is used to treat invasive breast cancer and reduce the risk of recurrence.
Know moreLumpectomy, also known as breast-conserving surgery, involves removing the cancerous tumor and a small margin of surrounding tissue while preserving most of the breast.
Know moreMastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely, typically to treat or prevent breast cancer. It is a crucial procedure for managing various stages of breast cancer.
Know moreWide local excision involves removing the breast cancer along with a margin of surrounding healthy tissue. This procedure aims to excise all cancerous cells while maintaining breast shape.
Know moreMicrodochectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a single lactiferous duct, typically performed to investigate and treat pathological nipple discharge or ductal carcinoma.
Know moreHadfield's operation, or duct excision, involves the removal of one or more milk ducts from the breast. This procedure is often used to treat conditions like ductal carcinoma in situ or recurrent nipple discharge.
Know moreA sentinel lymph node biopsy is a procedure used to determine if breast cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. This minimally invasive technique identifies and removes the first lymph node(s) to which cancer cells are likely to spread.
Know moreBreast conservation surgery, also known as lumpectomy, involves removing the cancerous part of the breast tissue while preserving as much of the breast as possible. It is a preferred option for early-stage breast cancer.
Know moreBreast reduction surgery is a procedure to remove excess breast fat, glandular tissue, and skin to achieve a breast size in proportion with your body and alleviate discomfort. This surgery can be vital for patients with breast cancer needing reduction.
Know moreMammoplasty refers to various surgical procedures aimed at altering the size or shape of the breasts, including reduction, augmentation, and reconstruction.
Know moreBreast augmentation involves enhancing the size and shape of the breasts using implants or fat transfer. This procedure can be part of reconstruction or for cosmetic enhancement.
Know moreBreast implants are used in reconstruction to restore breast shape and volume after mastectomy or for cosmetic augmentation. Various types and sizes are available to suit individual needs.
Know moreLatissimus Dorsi flap surgery uses muscle, fat, and skin from the upper back to reconstruct the breast, often combined with an implant for added volume.
Know moreDIEP flap reconstruction uses skin and fat from the lower abdomen to reconstruct the breast, sparing the abdominal muscles. This technique provides a natural breast appearance and feel.
Know moreLICAP is a reconstructive surgery technique using tissue from the side of the chest to rebuild the breast after mastectomy, offering a natural look and feel.
Know moreProphylactic mastectomy is a preventive surgery to remove one or both breasts to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer, particularly in high-risk individuals with genetic predispositions.
Know moreNipple sparing mastectomy removes the breast tissue while preserving the nipple-areola complex. This procedure is suitable for select patients and aims to provide better aesthetic results.
Know moreSkin sparing mastectomy involves removing the breast tissue while preserving most of the breast skin. This technique facilitates immediate reconstruction, maintaining the natural appearance of the breast.
Know moreA Trucut biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure used to obtain a tissue sample from a suspicious breast lump. This sample is then analyzed to determine the presence of cancer cells.
Know moreUltrasound-guided (USG) biopsy involves using ultrasound imaging to precisely locate and biopsy a suspicious area in the breast. This minimally invasive procedure helps diagnose breast cancer and other abnormalities.
Know moreLymph node transfer involves transplanting healthy lymph nodes to an area affected by lymphedema to restore lymphatic drainage and reduce swelling. This procedure is often performed to treat lymphedema following breast cancer surgery.
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