Medical Ovarian Suppression

Ovarian suppression is a process carried out to slow the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women using drug therapy or surgery. As a result of this procedure, the ovaries do not produce oestrogen and menstrual periods stop. In addition, oestrogen levels are lower in the body like natural menopause and prevent the growth of the hormone-dependent tumours. 

This therapy is given in combination with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. It cannot be given without the above-mentioned drugs. Ovarian suppression therapy is of two types - surgical and medical. Surgical suppression involves removing the ovaries, which is a permanent method. Medications are a temporary way to suppress these hormones. 

Even though it's a very successful procedure, it has some side effects which include hot flashes, vaginal dryness and mood swings. Long-term side effects range from osteoporosis to heart disease, which should be regularly monitored while taking this therapy. 

The Need of Medical Ovarian Suppression?

Ovarian suppression therapy may be used with early-stage breast cancer along with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor. This combination reduces the risk of recurrence and slows the growth of metastatic breast cancer. It is also used as a treatment modality to preserve fertility for women undergoing chemotherapy.

What are the diseases treated through medical ovarian suppression?

Ovarian suppression is the treatment of choice for hormone-dependent cancers that have a high recurrence rate. About 94% of women who have metastatic cancer and were diagnosed early, showed a high recurrence rate. It is important to consider long-term recurrence risk rather than just the 5-year figure to attain the desired outcome. 
Ovarian suppression therapy has shown an improved recurrence-free cancer. In addition, a significant overall improvement in survival in women less than 50 years of age when diagnosed. This implies that premenopausal women with breast cancer are more likely to benefit from ovarian suppression therapy than others. 
Ovarian suppression therapy is currently recommended for women who are at significant risk of recurrence, for example, those in stage II and stage III breast cancers. Moreover, this therapy has shown promising results in women with metastatic breast cancer. However, the goals of therapy for metastatic cases are different from early-stage diagnosis. When treating early-diagnosed cases with 
ovarian suppression therapy, the ultimate goal is to cure it. But, in metastatic cases, the goal is to extend survival and maintain or improve quality of life.
This therapy is effective in preserving fertility when used with GnRH to some extent. However, it's not an alternative or replacement for fertility preservation through egg or embryo freezing procedures. 

Who are the ideal candidates for this procedure?

Ovarian suppression is most beneficial for premenopausal women diagnosed with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. Here's what an ideal candidate for ovarian suppression looks like:

• Age: Younger premenopausal women generally see a greater advantage from ovarian suppression, especially those under the age of 35 years. Older, premenopausal women may not benefit as much as younger ones. 
• Cancer Stage: Early-stage breast cancer is more likely to respond favourably to ovarian suppression compared to later stages. People in the primary or secondary stage of breast cancer show better results than others and are thus  recommended this treatment option. 
• Hormone Receptor Status: The presence of oestrogen and/or progesterone receptors on cancer cells indicates a potential benefit from treatment.
• You have a history of undergoing chemotherapy.
• Overall Health: Your doctor will consider your medical history and other factors to determine if ovarian suppression aligns with your overall treatment plan.

Expertise of Action Cancer Hospital in Medical Ovarian Suppression

At Action Cancer Hospital, we understand that a breast cancer diagnosis raises numerous concerns. We excel in providing comprehensive care for patients undergoing ovarian suppression as part of their breast cancer treatment plan. Our team of specialists, including:

• Medical oncologists specialising in breast cancer treatment
• Oncology nurses experienced in managing side effects
• Psychologists offering support throughout your journey

will work collaboratively to create a customised treatment plan tailored to your specific needs. We prioritise open communication and empower you to make informed decisions about your care.

Beyond treatment, we recognize that ovarian suppression can be a complex issue. Our team goes beyond simply recommending the procedure.  We offer:

• Fertility preservation discussions: If you wish to have children in the future, we discuss options like egg freezing or embryo banking.
• Side effect management: We provide guidance and support to manage common side effects like hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. This may include medication recommendations and lifestyle modifications.

If you're considering ovarian suppression as part of your breast cancer treatment,  schedule a consultation with our team at Action Cancer Hospital. We'll address your questions and concerns, ensuring you feel empowered and supported throughout your journey.