Cervical carcinoma is one of the cancers that originate in the cervical tissue; this is the lower reproductive organ of women that links the uterus to the vagina. Cervical cancer can be described as developing through stages that aid in defining the treatment strategy and the likely outcome. Pre-diagnosed masses of the cervix, detectable through simple tests such as Pap smears and HPV tests, bring a greater likelihood of diagnosis and successful treatment. This blog talks about various stages of cervical cancer and its related treatment. 

Different Stages of Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is grouped into five stages, from stage 0, precancerous cervical, to stage IV, which is the last stage of cervical cancer. All of them only describe the extent of the cancer from the cervix to the other parts of the body.

Stage 0: Carcinoma in Situ

Stage 0 cervical cancer is where the tumour has not extended beyond the cervix, and there are no further spreads to other parts of the body. In the primary phase, they are usually small clumps of cells that may be eradicated using techniques such as cryotherapy, LEEP or laser procedures. The aim is to minimise the invasiveness of the cells. In its early stage, or what is referred to as Stage 0, the prognosis for this cancer is very high, with survival rates approaching 100% when treated.

Stage I: Localized Cancer

The condition in Stage I is that cancer is limited to the cervix without progressing any further outward. It is then classified as Stage IA, that is, invasive cancer not visible on the cervix but seen microscopically, and Stage IB, that is, invasive cancer visible on the cervix.

Stage IA: Tumour or cancer can only be diagnosed with the help of a microscope.
Stage IB: Cancer is evident but restricted to the cervix only.

A wide range of treatments are used, and they include surgery and radiation therapy. A hysterectomy, which is also referred to as removing the uterus, is done mostly for women who don’t plan to have any more children. At times, the colonisation or removal of a cone-shaped portion of the cervix may be done if fertility has to be preserved. Unlike other cervical cancer stages, early-stage cervical cancer has a very high survival rate; most patients are able to survive more than five years after their treatments.

Stage II: Beyond the Cervix

Now, the little growth at Stage II is also found in the region above the cervix, like the upper portion of the vagina, but has not yet reached as far up as the pelvic wall or the lower part of the vagina.

Stage IIA: The disease has affected the upper two-thirds part of the female genital tract, namely the vagina.
Stage IIB: Cancer has extended to the adjacent tissues of the cervix.

This is usually done with radiotherapy and chemotherapy as accepted working models. Surgery that involves a radical hysterectomy may be done depending on the progression as well as the general health of the patient. Currently, treatment of Stage II cervical cancer is possible, and its five-year survival rate varies between 63% and 75%, depending on how the tumour has spread and how sensitive it is to the treatment.

Stage III: Advanced Local Spread

Stage III cervical cancer has spread to the lower part of the vagina or the walls of the pelvis. It can, in certain circumstances, obstruct the ureters, which are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Stage IIIA: Tumour has extended to the lower third of the vagina.
Stage IIIB: Cancer has locally extended to the pelvic walls, and there is a possibility of the involvement of renal function.

For example, radiation therapy with chemotherapy is the conventional mode of treatment at this stage. The treatment objective is to prevent the disease from spreading and to reduce the pain suffered by the patient. The five-year survival rate of stage three cervical cancer is around forty-seven per cent to fifty per cent. This means that the cancer is more advanced, yet the treatment methods can be used to manage the particular disease.

Stage IV: Metastatic Cancer

The final stage, Stage IV cervical cancer, refers to a tumour that has reached organs besides the uterus and fallopian tubes or spread to organs distant from the pelvis like the lungs or liver.

Stage IVA: The cancer grows to individual organs adjacent to it, for instance, the bladder or the rectum.
Stage IVB: Cancer has reached the distant organ, for instance, the lung or bones.

Many of the patients exhibit severe symptoms in Stage IV; hence, the emphasis is made on palliative care. Chemotherapy might be employed alongside other types of treatments, such as targeted therapy or immunotherapy treatment. In some cases, the symptoms might be controlled through operations and irradiation. The five-year survival of stage 4 cervical cancer is comparatively low; it is between 15-20%. But in cervical cancer, targeted therapies for treatment are underway, which has bright chances to increase the survival ratio and the patient’s quality of life.

What the Stages Mean in Cervical Cancer Treatment

The stage of cervical cancer determines the course of the disease. Localised cancer is normally addressed by surgery wherever the cancer is located, while progressive-stage cancers need other forms of treatment, which include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and other targeted therapies. Symptoms include abnormal cells in the cervix, and routine checks like Papanicolaou smears and HPV testing are most effective when detected early.

Treatment of Cervical Cancer

There are many premium cervical cancer treatment hospitals in Delhi with the technical expertise, professional care and the latest equipment and techniques for treating cervical cancer in women. These hospitals provide comprehensive treatment plans that may include:

• Conservative surgical procedures for stage one cervical cancer
• Complicated radiation treatments for cancer, such as the IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy),
• All chemotherapy and targeted drug therapy options for advanced or recurrent cancer
• Chemotherapy for precise instances when the immune system is used to combat cancer cells

If you seek to get the best treatment, Action Cancer Hospital, a cervical cancer treatment hospital in Delhi, offers modern and effective treatment procedures from qualified physicians. These institutions are very fundamental in the provision of cancer care, and they ensure that patients get best practices.

To Sum Up
Cervical carcinoma is one of the few that can be substantially averted by the practice of pap smears and vaccination against human papillomavirus. The efficacy of the cure and the number of possible methods depend on how early the cancer has been diagnosed. If you are in Delhi or nearby, you should take your chance and receive the best cervical cancer treatment, as it offers the highest chances to beat the illness and benefit from the recent achievements in the field.